ARP 291 also known as UGC 05832 falls under his classification: Group Character: Wind effects. Usually, this means a double galaxy but this one appears to be alone. NED simply shows it as SB?. Arp's comment is: "Main body has cylindrical appearance." Note the very blue fuzzy. irregular, galaxy to the northeast. That is CGCG 065-090. Both it and Arp 291 have the same redshift putting them both at 72 million light years. Rather close for such small galaxies. So it is quite possible it is the cause of the "wind effects". SDSS shows the north end of it as a separate galaxy SDSS J104306.17+133051.3 with no redshift estimate. Probably it is just part of the main galaxy, though the coordinates for CGCG 065-090 are for the lower part, not the middle. Still, I think it just a single galaxy. North of these is the very odd, thin but curved, galaxy FGC 126A FGC=Flat Galaxy Catalog. It has a detached piece on its west end. That piece carries the separate designation SDSS J104256.10+133247.3. The former has a redshift distance of about 310 million light years so is a much larger galaxy than the other two. The detached piece shows no distance. In the DSS and Sloan images, it isn't detached. I don't understand what I did to "detach" it. It is detached in the raw FITS image so not due to processing. Still, Sloan did give it a separate designation and magnitude, 16.5 for the main galaxy and 18.0 for the western piece. In any case, it is safe to assume it isn't involved with Arp 291 being about 4 times more distant. Still, it is an interesting galaxy. NED doesn't try to classify it or CGCG 065-090. They do make for an interesting field.

Even more confusing is the faint blob seen in the lower "ring" of Arp 291. Follow the western (right) "arm" around to near its tip. There is a small oval blob elongated along the "arm". NED shows that as SDSS J104248.72+132710.8 and SDSS J104248.73+132710.8 ID. The former is classed as a galaxy the latter as part of a galaxy. Both in the same entry. Then things really get confusing. The magnitude is listed as 15.6 with a long diameter of over 1 minute. This matches Arp 291 not the blob in the arm though that is at the coordinates. But it gets worse, the distance is listed as 2.5 billion light years! Safe to say something is screwed up here! I suppose the blob could be a distant galaxy seen through Arp 291 but the size is obviously wrong.

More correct, it would appear, is the little orange galaxy northwest of Arp 291 halfway to the bright blue star. It is SDSS J104246.40+132811.9 at magnitude 17.8 and a distance of just over 900 million light years.

Arp's image:
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp291.jpeg

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