ARP125

Arp 125 is a complicated system in northern Hercules which is located at a distance of about 385 million light-years. Arp classed it under elliptical or elliptical-like galaxies close to and perturbing spirals. He made no comment on the system. Oddly Arp 125 is almost a twin of Arp 142 though the latter is classed under the very different heading Elliptical or elliptical-like galaxies: Material emanating from elliptical galaxies.

How many galaxies are involved here depends on who you listen to. One says the upper system consists of 4 galaxies in one envelope! Another says two while NED indicates one. The southern system seems to consist of three, two of which are rather red. Though again NED considers only the brightest as part of Arp 125. One note at NED says of this entire system: "Comet-shaped object 1.1 x 0.45 interacting with small triple system south."

The northern galaxy NED sees as Arp 125 NED 1 is UGC 10491 NED01 classed simply as S pec. The southern one is UGC 10491 NED02 and is classed as S0 pec with a ring morphology. I don't see that at all. I could see that applying to the upper galaxy, however. Things are about to get more confusing.

The northern galaxy is very red in color with a blue "head". The red color doesn't match that of other red galaxies in the image. To me, it looks more like the red of dust than population II stars. Certainly, a dust lane is very red. I found nothing on this, however. The blue head is listed as a separate galaxy SDSS J163815.16+415605.3. With no redshift or other distance data available that I could find I have no idea if it is part of the system, just a line of sight galaxy or a star knot in the upper galaxy. Since Arp 142 is almost identical and that one the blue is considered a star cloud in the galaxy I have to think that most likely the case here. Still, the issue is far from settled as far as I can tell.

Things get more complicated with the southern "trio". While the note quoted above sees it as three galaxies and it appears that is the case in my image, though Arp's image is ambiguous, NED lists the other two as stars. I wish I knew how this was determined. SDSS shows two of the brightenings in the northern galaxy as stars, neither of which appear starlike in my or Arp's image. One is about halfway between the nucleus of the upper galaxy and the blue "comet head". To find the other note the red dust lane above and right of the nucleus. Just right of the southern (bottom) end of this lane is a brightening almost as if the dust lane lies over the core and this is a piece of core just beyond the obstructing dust lane. Neither are round. All this leaves me more than a bit confused.

There's an interesting pair of elliptical galaxies on the far western edge of the image. As my resolution falls off at the very edge of the image I wish I'd seen them before taking the image as I'd have moved the field a few minutes west to get a bit more resolution on them. They appear to be interacting and within one halo or their halo's overlap. They are 2MASX J16364865+4153381 and 2MASX J16364668+4153151, left to right. Both have a redshift that puts them at 1.03 billion light-years distant so they are likely an interacting pair. Below them is another similar elliptical of virtually the same redshift.

2.5' northwest of the northern galaxy (halfway to a rather bright yellow star) is 2MASX J16380792+4157592 at 1.8 billion light-years. Southwest of Arp 125 about 3.4 minutes away is the rather elongated orange galaxy with a blue star above it SDSS J163757.17+415444.4 at 2.1 billion light-years.

The most distant galaxy near Arp 125 that I found is SDSS J163806.19+415947.0, a 21.1 magnitude galaxy north of the pair that is 4.1 billion light-years distant. Limiting magnitude on this image as processed is about 23.5 in case you were wondering. The raw (but calibrated) luminosity image goes about a half magnitude fainter.

The blue galaxy identified with a question mark below the inset box has the same position as SDSS J163835.66+414943.2 a galaxy NED shows at a redshift distance of 390 million light-years. Except NED says it is only 1 second of arc across and at 23.5 magnitude! Do they see something on top of the galaxy I show or is there an error here? They show no other galaxy for this location. But it is a type of blue galaxy the SDSS often misses. Trying to determine what is in these images can drive you insane.

Down at the bottom of the image southwest of Arp 125 is the most distant galaxy on the image, hiding behind a star of about the same brightness but appearing far brighter because the light is spread over far less area, is the galaxy 21.4 magnitude galaxy SDSS J163739.94+414546.8 at 5.1 billion light-years. Quasars are farther away but I can't image the galaxy they are in, just the accretion disk about the black hole creating the quasar.

The annotated image shows the red shift light travel distance per NED using 5 year WMAP data for all objects for which it was available.

Arp's image
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp125.jpeg

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10'x3, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP125

ARP126

Arp 126 is an interacting galaxy pair also known as UGC 1449. The pair is about 240 million light-years distant. The northern galaxy of the pair is classed as SBm pec while the lower as simply SBm. Arp included the pair under Elliptical and Elliptical-like Galaxies: close to and perturbing spirals. Arp made no notes in his catalog about this pair nor can I find much on it in the current literature.

There's a galaxy cluster NSCS J015907+031804 at about 4 billion light years just beyond the upper left corner. I suspect the orange galaxies seen in that corner around the 3 bright stars
are likely members of the cluster.

Other than that there's little information on the rest of the field. Though researching the galaxy pair I found a house for sale at 126 Arp Avenue in Cheyenne, Wyoming. I wonder how dark and steady the skies are there?

Blue galaxy to the upper left UGC 1454, an SBm barred spiral at about 150 million light-years.

These are located in Pisces. I took this image December of last year and processed it in March but somehow lost the file on the hard drive until I was reorganizing my Arp collection and ran across it. One benefit of two months of cloudy weather. I wonder if there are others like it lurking in some dark corner of my drive. It appears I started to take it and was clouded out twice before getting any color then had a good third try. Each was in a separate directory. I ended up combining all usable luminosity images from the three nights. Thus, it has more data than usual though thanks to the clouds I can't say it helped much.

Arp's image:
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp126.jpeg

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=9x10' RGB=2x10'x3, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP126

ARP127

Arp 127 consists of two interacting galaxies, NGC 191 and IC 1563. Oddly it falls under Arp's category of Elliptical and Elliptical-like Galaxies: Close to and perturbing spirals. NGC 191, the big one, is classed as SAB(rs)c? pec while IC 1563 is S0 pec sp. In my image, it looks more like an edge on Sa galaxy with a well-formed disk and spherical core though there is only a hint of a dust lane. It is surrounded by a bright halo of likely tidally displaced stars. My processing has cut through these to the galaxy "hidden" inside this halo as has the Sloan image I've linked to below. In any case, I find it hard to consider either elliptical-like. Both seem perturbed to me. The pair is about 260 million light-years away in the constellation of Pisces just west of the rich Abell 85 galaxy cluster.

There's a star-like object within the disk of NGC 191. Some catalogs call it a galaxy, some a star. NED says "Stellar on DSS, 2MASS, and SDSS images; redshift incorrect?". It then gives it a size of .19 by .16 minutes of arc (11.4" by 9.6") and the questionable redshift is about 600 million light years. I vote for it being a star. My astrometry shows it to have the same PSF and FWHM as similarly bright stars in the area once the galaxy disk is subtracted.

Arp's note: "Sharp absorption lines over N side of perturbing galaxy". I can't quite tell what he is referring to. I do see some faint dark dust lanes in the disk of NGC 191 that are north of the smaller galaxy. The main one being the one the star/galaxy is located in. Other than those I don't know what he is referring to. The dust lanes seem rather normal and not worthy of a comment.

The field is rather rich with galaxies at 1.9 to 2 billion light years. I see no cluster however in the catalogs. Since I'm likely only seeing the really big members it likely is far more densely populated. There are hundreds of faint galaxies in the image without redshift data, many likely are part of this group. Abell 85 is a large spread out group the main members show a redshift under 1 billion light years but there is a sprinkling of far more distant galaxies carrying the Abell 85 designation. I doubt they are true members of the group.

The only other NGC galaxy in the image is NGC 195 near the bottom edge toward the left. At 210 million light years it is likely not related to Arp 11. It is interesting with a tight inner ring-like structure made up of arms coming off a bar with two large outer rings also forming a ring-like structure. It is classed as (R)SB(r)a: at NED and the NGC Project.

Arp 191 was discovered by William Herschel on November 28, 1785. It's not in either of the Herschel 400 observing programs. The companion IC 1563 was discovered much later by Guillaume Bigourdan on December 16, 1997. NGC 195 was discovered in 1876 (exact date unknown) by Wilhelm Tempel.

Arp's image:
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp127.jpeg

SDSS image Arp 127:
http://astronomerica.awardspace.com/SDSS-15/NGC191-IC1563.php

SDSS image NGC 195
http://astronomerica.awardspace.com/SDSS-15/NGC195.php

14" LX200R @ f/10 L=4x10' RGB=2x10'x3, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP127

ARP128

Arp 128/UGC827 is a pair of galaxies in Pisces, near M74. Arp considered them interacting, putting them into his class: Elliptical and elliptical-like galaxies close to and perturbing spirals. The elliptical has a redshift that puts it 496 million light-years away while the barred spiral is listed at a redshift of 563 million light years. This is a bit large difference for related galaxies but not impossible. Still, I was ready to say no relation until I further stretched the image and those two linear features just above the spiral appeared. Fortunately, this is in the SDSS survey. Their image shows the same feature but blurred into one broad feature rather than two narrow ones. I don't know why the difference. What are they? I found nothing in the literature about this oddity. It doesn't show in Arp's photo with the 200". If anyone finds something on them please let me know. For now, I'll have to agree with those saying these two are interacting due to the odd apparent debris above the western member.

There are a few other galaxies in the image about the same redshift as these two. Since I find little on any of them other than the redshift I've just prepared an annotated image showing their distance in billions of light years. As usual, G denotes a galaxy while Q a quasar. The label is immediately right of the object. When this wasn't possible a line indicates the labeled object. There are three asteroids in the image as well. (56725) 2000 NY12 at magnitude 19.2, 2009 ST123 at magnitude 20 and 2002 FL21 at magnitude 20.4. All are rather faint and difficult to find so they are also shown in the annotated image.

Near the bottom, left of center, is SDSS J011804.83+143158.6. This galaxy is identified by name on the annotated image. It is 1.6 billion light-years away and very blue in color. This is odd for a galaxy at that distance which often shows a reddish color from interstellar dust even if really a blue spiral. This would indicate massive star formation and sure enough, it is listed in the ROSAT X-ray Source catalog as RXS J011804.4+143152. Sure wish we were, say, 1.5 billion light-years closer to get a good look at this one. It is a narrow line Seyfert 1 galaxy. This too indicates it is a very active galaxy with a likely well-fed black hole at its core.

There's an interesting pair of distant galaxies at the bottom of my image just right of center. The only thing shown at that position is SDSS J011721.74+143209.6 with a position of the left, fainter and smaller, galaxy. Nothing is listed for the position of the brighter one. No redshift data is provided for it/them. I find problems like this constantly, still with the stated precision of the SDSS their frequency does surprise me.

My cropped image IS reproduced at 0.67" per pixel while the full image is at 1" per pixel (1.012" if you want to get picky about it).

Arp's image:
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp128.jpeg

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10'x3', STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP128

ARP129

Arp 129 is in Arp's category for Elliptical and elliptical-like galaxies close to and perturbing spirals. It is in the same field with Arp 63 so I'm just reusing the same image for both. Arp did the same with his image of these two as both fit within the corrector on the 200" scope he used.

While much brighter than NGC 2944 that is Arp 63 this pair didn't receive an entry in the NGC catalog. The elliptical like galaxy is on the east and is PGC 27546. Seligman classifies it as a lenticular galaxy SB0?. The spiral it is said by Arp to be perturbing is PGC 27547 which Arp classifies as SAB(rs)bc? pec. Note too that while the PGC galaxies are numbered from west to east these two are reversed for some reason. It could be that in the LEDA catalog the spiral was classed as elliptical and the elliptical as spiral. Maybe this mistake is to blame. This is only a wild guess on my part. The UGC lists both as Number 5146 in their catalog avoiding any such error. The pair is also about 310 to 320 million light-years distant by redshift though there's a slight difference with the spiral having a slightly less (nearer) redshift. Still, it does appear they are or did interact. Though the lenticular galaxy shows little distortion and the pulled out arm of the spiral could be "natural" and not due to any interaction at all with the lenticular. I doubt it but it is possible. It does appear to my eye that the spiral is closer same as redshift indicates. But how much closer is unknown.

While nearly all my full-size images (2004x1336 pixels) are displayed at 1" per pixel this one was taken half-frame at 0.5" per pixel and is displayed at that resolution even though the night didn't really support more than about my normal 1" resolution.

Arp's image: http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp129.jpeg

14" LX 200R @ f/10, L=6x10'x1, RGB=2x10'x2, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP129

ARP13

This field of Pegasus galaxies lies about 260 million light-years from us and is located in the northwest corner of the Great Square of Pegasus. I centered on the triple ring galaxy II Zw 188/IC 5285. That's how it is described in the CGCG catalog. Unless the core is considered a ring I'm not sure where the third ring is hiding. It is a rather red spiral indicating no new star birth of any significance for some time unless it is hidden in the dense core region. The outer ring is not a nice neat oval but has a rather irregular shape which seems hard to explain. It reminds me of M94 with the large but faint outer ring though M94's ring is more regularly shaped. It was discovered by Stephane Javelle on November 23, 1897.

To the northeast is NGC 7489. It is listed as Sd by NED and Sc by the NGC Project. It is a nice face on spiral. Discovered in 1863 by William Lassell using a 48" reflector, it has a strange elongated feature at the north end. Almost looks like an edge on galaxy. Maybe it is, however it isn't listed in any catalog that I found. But then many of the bright galaxies in this field are anonymous as far as I can tell. If it is part of the galaxy it is a very strange feature. The arms to the south seem oddly cut off compared to those to the north. At the bottom of the image is the flat galaxy 2MFCG 17362. Like all the other cataloged galaxies in the image but the first two, it is a find of the 2 micron infrared survey. The only one with a known redshift. Have these three interacted in the past? Could this account for the odd ring of IC 5285 and/or the odd arm structure of NGC 7489? I found nothing to indicate this has even been looked at let alone answered. In any case, I doubt they have interacted but it is possible.

The field had quite a bit of IFN but my exposure was too short for the poor transparency conditions so I pretty well processed it out not certain which was real and which was a product of varying conditions. All galaxies listed at NED are identified in the annotated image, that's not very many of them. This is a poorly studied region.

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10', STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP13

ARP130

When I first imaged Arp 130 conditions were poor but I picked up what might have been a plume to the north from the northern spiral. I put it down to reshoot it. Also on my to-do list was the blue irregular galaxy IC 5377. Not realizing the two were in the same field I took IC 5377 last September. I had no idea, at the time, I was retaking Arp 130 to check on that plume. So the Tower of "Babble" nailed me again. I looked up what that other galaxy was and saw IC 5378 and thought that was one I'd have expected Arp to have in his atlas. Little did I know he did and I'd already taken it. Turns out the plume apparently wasn't real as it isn't seen in this image under better conditions. Also at the time, I did Arp 130 the Sloan DR9 images weren't available so I couldn't check there. Now that DR9 has been released I can say the plume can't be seen there either. Though some IFN is seen faintly in the new image to the lower right of IC 5377 and above and to the left of the asteroid 2008 VD43. I thought it a smear on my flat frame but it is real.

Turns out there's little information on the irregular galaxy IC 5377. It seems to have two condensations off center surrounded by a haze of blue stars. It isn't nearly as blue as my previous post of UGC 9128. Instead, it is rather typical of blue irregular galaxies. it appears to be rather lonely with no other galaxy for a neighbor in my image at its distance but that is only an illusion due to my limited field of view. Only a half degree away (280,000 light years minimum) is the much more famous edge on galaxy NGC 7814. Interaction with it could explain its new star formation quite easily though it could be due to other things as well. In any case, it is likely a satellite of NGC 7814. Though without any papers on it this is only my speculation. My poorly processed image of NGC 7814 from 2008 when I didn't have the software I do today is at: http://www.spacebanter.com/attachment.php?attachmentid=2264&d=1228166947 .

As to Arp 130, he considered the elliptical to be perturbing the spiral but if their redshift distances are right they are 20 million light-years apart and thus not at all related. Though a redshift distance difference can be due to relative velocity and not indicate true separation. Finding no other distance determination the relationship of these two, if any, can't be determined. It was discovered by Isaac Roberts in 1895. I can't find the exact date, however.

The galaxy below Arp 130 is IC 5379. While its redshift is the same as that of the southern member of Arp 130 for some reason NED now says they can't calculate a distance since the Hubble flow model doesn't apply here. I don't understand this comment. When I researched Arp 130 the first time NED had no such problem and said its distance was 270 million light-years in agreement with the southern member of Arp 130. Now that has changed. Hence the question mark on the annotated image. The other two IC galaxies were also found by Isaac Roberts also in 1895, likely the same night as Arp 130/IC 5378

Three asteroids are in the image. One passed right over an anonymous galaxy which makes it hard to see. It also was the faintest of the three in my data. See the annotated image for details.

No other galaxy in the image has redshift data. Only a handful are even listed in NED but with little other information available. I've not included them. However, there is one galaxy group in the image which I have annotated but it has no distance so that is noted with "na". In this case, all 4 members were identified at NED with one trying hard to hide behind a star.

14" LX200R@ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10' STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP130

ARP131

Arp 131 belongs in Arp's category for elliptical and elliptical-like galaxies close to and perturbing spirals. It is located on the western border of Eridanus. Arp made no comment about this galaxy pair. The southern "elliptical like" galaxy is MCG -03-08-025. NED classes it as an Sa spiral seen nearly edge on. If so it seems to lack a dust lane. Redshift data puts it at about 356 million light-years from us. Well, Arp did say "elliptical like". The companion is MCG -03-08-026. It is an obvious spiral though NED doesn't attempt to classify it. Nor does it have a redshift value for it. The one note at NED says the two are interacting. It appears that MCG -03-08-026 may have interacted with something. But MCG -03-08-025 shows no sign of distortion so are they really interacting? I'd like a redshift measurement before trying to answer that question. For now, I'll say I'm not convinced they are a true interacting pair.

There's a pair of possibly interacting galaxies east and a bit north of Arp 131. It seems to show more evidence of interaction than Arp 131. I've included this pair as an inset with the enlarged cropped version of Arp 131. Like Arp 131 there's no redshift data on the possible companion. Not only that, the galaxy isn't even listed at NED so earned a question mark on the annotated image.

The field is rather sparse. The annotated image shows lists all galaxies with redshift data at NED. I also identified them plus a few others without distance data. Not all listed at NED are identified in the annotated image but most of the larger ones are. But their entries only denote their RA and Dec values so I only listed a few of them.

Arp's image
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp131.jpeg

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10'x3, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP131

ARP132

Arp 132 falls in Arp's category "Elliptical close to and perturbing spirals." It is about 350 to 360 million light-years away in the constellation of Leo just north of Crater. It appears the western galaxy is the spiral and the eastern the elliptical that Arp refers to. Oddly NED classes both as E pec one place and the obvious spiral as Sb pec in another. It appears the E pec classification is a misprint. The redshifts of these two aren't quite the same indicating an 8 million light year difference. This doesn't mean they are really this far apart or didn't interact in the past. Still, I have problems with them as a real interacting pair. The elliptical, while labeled peculiar, probably for the strong core and much weaker outer areas (is this a disk seen face on or a sphere of low stellar density) it is quite even. I'd suspect any recent interaction to have distorted it in an unsymmetrical way. There are a few other galaxies at about the same distance in the image including the far larger CGCG 011-062 to the far left of my image. None of them appear likely candidates either for interaction with the western member of Arp 132. Is an interaction even necessary as these are quite small galaxies some of which just seem naturally distorted? Another possibility I didn't find anyone considering is that the southern part of the spiral is really a separate galaxy with a tidal tail looking like a spiral arm so this is a merger in progress. I found virtually nothing of use for deciding this in the literature.

I was pleased to find when I checked the Hubble Legacy site that Hubble had imaged this pair. Until I brought up the image, that is. The image was of the pair of galaxies to the northwest of Arp 132, under asteroid Dodaira, one galaxy is labeled "G 1.4" in the annotated image. Even they were at the very edge of the field. Probably these were just random field images taken when some other instrument was actually taking data on Arp 132. This is done quite often with Hubble.

There is a galaxy group located near the upper left corner of my image that has an average distance of 360 million light-years with 22 members. No diameter is given. It's possible Arp 132 is a member of this group as are most of the other galaxies at about this distance in the image. Its core is marked by its name, MZ 04712. The spiral galaxy to the left and a bit above center is PGC 034689, anSA(s)c about 370 million light-years distant. This is the same as Arp 132. They are likely related.

This field is out of the Sloan survey field yet there's a lot of information on the other galaxies in the image so the annotated image is rather well covered with redshift distances for a change.

Arp 132 is in the same field as the LCLG -03 080 galaxy group which consists of 9 members at about 1.5 billion light-years. Those I could identify as part of the 9 members are noted by G L followed by their redshift distance. LCLG stands for Las Campanas Loose Groups in case you were wondering. The center of the group is marked by its name. Oddly there are quite a few other galaxies at about 1.5 billion light years that are not in the group. Some of these, but not all, are in the Las Campanas Red Shift catalog. So why aren't they in the group? I have no idea but if I include them as part of the group the count goes well over 9. My head hurts.

The image contains two asteroids; (14313) Dodaira at an estimated magnitude of 18.2 and (107981) 2001 FY130 at an estimated magnitude of 19.5. The naming citation of Dodaira reads:
"Dodaira station was dedicated in 1962 with a 0.91-m reflector and 0.50-m Schmidt telescope as a branch station of the Tokyo Astronomical Observatory in Saitama prefecture, and its operation was terminated in Mar. 2000. It was located where the borders of Tokugawa, Ogawamachi and Higashichichibu meet."

So what happened to those nice telescopes? If they are no longer using them I'd be willing to take the 0.91-meter scope off their hands.

Arp's image
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp132.jpeg

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10'x3, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP132

ARP133

ARP 133 falls under Arp's very odd category of galaxies with nearby fragments. It consists of two galaxies, NGC 541 the large cD/S0 galaxy to the southwest of a pair of elliptical galaxies that are Arp 308. The fragment is the very blue dwarf galaxy to its northeast (upper right). This is not a fragment at all but a dwarf galaxy undergoing extreme starburst star formation. It is known as Minkowski's Object. NGC 541 is a radio galaxy with jets. One is directed directly at Minkowski's Object and is credited with triggering the starburst activity. Minkowski's Object has a different redshift but this is more an indication of relative velocity than a real distance difference. Arp 133 with its blue companion galaxy is almost identical in appearance to the much nearer ARP 134 (M49 and its blue "fragment" UGC 07636.)

Arp had no knowledge of this at the time of his image. His image carries a note that it was taken with a "Polaroid" filter. I assume he means polarizing filter. How it was aligned it doesn't say. Arp's comment on the image reads: "Central member of galaxy group associated with 3C40." 3C40 is a strong radio source. This is not the radio source involved with the starburst activity in Minkowski's Object. Instead, it is due to ARP 308 also in the image.

Notes about the annotated image.
Objects considered part of Abell 194 are listed by name.

Redshift distance using NED's 5 year WMAP assumptions are used. They are expressed in billions of light-years. Differences in cluster member radial velocity are most likely due to relative velocity around the cluster's center of mass rather than a true distance indicator. Most, likely lie within a few million light-years of each other. The label is immediately right of the object when possible. Otherwise, a line will connect the object and its label.

XMMU J012535.9-012546 is an X-ray galaxy. It appears to be a very compact dwarf of some sort.

ARK 45: A note at NED says "Together with NGC 0547 this is the radio source 3C 40." I'm not sure how this was determined, especially since NGC 545 is in the middle yet not considered part of 3C 40 that I found. Also, note its redshift is surprisingly different.

NSCS J012537-011739 is a galaxy cluster at 4.97 billion light-years. It contains 36 members. The diameter isn't specified. I see a dozen or two within a few minutes of the center. Many look like faint stars.

WHL J012538.1-011301 is another galaxy cluster at 5.3 billion light-years. It contains only 8 members. Its center is a couple seconds of arc from a faint galaxy, probably the anchoring member. The NED position is only approximate so likely means to point to this galaxy.

The UvES (Ultraviolet Excess Source) is likely a quasar given its distance.

Arp's image of these galaxies is made from the same plate and cropped to exclude the other atlas entry. Most of his images are shorter than the one hour exposure on 103a-0 image. The added time is likely due to losses in the "Polaroid" filter. He lists the seeing as average 1" to 1.5".

NGC 535 and 543 were discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on October 31, 1864.
NGC 541 was discovered by Heinrich d'Arrest on October 30, 1864.
NGC 545 and 547 were discovered by William Herschel on October 1, 1785. It isn't in either Herschel 400 observing program.
NGC 548 was discovered by George Searle on November 2, 1867.

Arp's image of Arp 133 with an asteroid trail:
http://ned.ipac.caltech.edu/level5/Arp/Figures/big_arp133.jpeg

14" LX200R @ f/10, L=4x10' RGB=2x10'x3, STL-11000XM, Paramount ME

Related Designations for ARP133